| The
archaeological unit of A F Howland Associates has undertaken the
archaeological monitoring of the re-development of the historic
Whitefriars site in Norwich. The
area was the site of a Carmelite Priory established in the 13th Century,
but in more recent times was covered in buildings, which formed the
printing works of Norwich company Jarrold & Sons.
Re-development
of the site to make way for modern office blocks, has required the
demolition of the existing buildings.
Following
its assessment of the geotechnical and environmental issues associated
with the proposed re-development, Howlands were awarded the contract to
undertake the evaluation trenching and have opened a number of pits to a
maximum depth of 6 m to recover material back to the earliest period of
the site.
Almost
immediately the exercise unearthed a number of skeletons of women and
children and has shed new light on the history of this part of the City.
Initially, stray bones were thought to be a possible murder
victim, but detailed archaeological assessment, as full skeletons have
been uncovered, has determined that this is not the case.
At present the best assessment is that they are as late as 18th
Century and that they may represent the poor burials of workhouse
inmates. |
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The finds have
proved to be in an excellent state of preservation and even the coffin
nails were found. Parts of
the skeletal material will be removed for detailed analysis, but the
remains will be re-buried with full dignity, possibly back on the same
site.
Other finds
include sections of medieval walling, which was probably part of the
priory. During the 13th
Century the area would have been low lying marshland outside of the main
City boundary. Detailed
evaluation of the wall sections has given a useful insight into the
construction methods used on poor ground.
This new information complements the understanding of the Priory
site, which was previously known mainly from a few sections of standing
masonry on the site. Even
these have been assessed under Howland’s contract to ensure that no
part of the historical legacy is lost by the re-development.
Environmental
assessment of the underlying natural sediments will ensure that the
history of the site will be understood right back to the Ice Age, when
meltwaters from the ice sheets to the north ripped through the area in
great torrents of water.
Urban
archaeology of this type is always difficult.
In this instance, interplay between the archaeological team and
the active demolition of the buildings has been an exemplar of
inter-disciplinary activity.
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